Developing the engine of a website involves backend development through tools, frameworks and different resources. This engine is made up of a basic structure linked to the server, databases and external and internal resources. The component that is directly related to the server is the most important in terms of programming that is developed thanks to backend frameworks. Therefore, the most powerful frameworks that will be required in 2022 will be analysed. These frameworks are essential for developers to produce quality products.
Currently, a developer only knows one framework with a high level of specificity. The following graph looks at statistics related to how programmers identify themselves: backend, fullstack, fontend, and so on.
Developers' self-identification of their own roles in 2021 (% of developers self-identifying in an area)
Evaluating the best frameworks on the market makes it easier for developers to determine which is the best one to learn and work with for good backend development. According to the latest research, the most promising frameworks seem to be Django, Node.js Express and Spring Boot.
Django
Django has long been known as a high-level framework for Python that combines different libraries. Developers generally use it to create effective applications, as this framework is suitable for almost any project.
One of its advantages is that Django makes it possible to move from concept development to the completion of the entire project very quickly and efficiently. In addition, it helps developers to avoid making common security errors by automatically protecting the website. To do this, Django takes care of managing the account and password without writing relevant information in the cookie files where it could be stolen.
Also, this framework is very fast due to the fact that it is not overloaded with additional details. Django is able to reduce the amount of code, simplifying the creation of web applications and speeding up their development.
Express Framework for the Node.js Platform
Node.js is a server platform, which meets most of the requirements that developers look for in a framework and is based on javascript. It is also characterised by its use of the V8 engine.
The major projects that have been carried out for the development of web applications are based on this engine, such as the Chrome browser and different browsing websites. This framework allows code to be written and executed on the server, which is what makes Node.js so valuable. The efficiency of this framework is unsurpassed by the rest of the list of frameworks. This is due to the high performance and the possibility of creating projects of various types on the basis that Node.js provides.
Within Node.js there are different frameworks such as Express which is considered to be the most popular and widely used. It offers event-driven input and output API interfaces. It is capable of interpreting JavaScript code with the Google V8 engine. The framework works through an event-driven system so that operations are performed without blocking.
The advantages of using this backend framework include a user-friendly and easy-to-use interface and add-on support to enhance the functional capabilities of applications. As a result, development time is reduced. The backend development process is implemented with the use of NPM packages.
It also has the advantage of being able to define the path to any application using URLs and HTTP methods. This reduces the time spent on debugging. In addition, this framework is compatible with others: Kranken, LoopBack or Sails. It can also connect to databases such as MySQL, Redis and MongoDB.
Large companies such as IBM, PayPal, Twitter or Walmart have used Express to develop their web applications, taking advantage of the opportunity it offers to use the framework with various template engines. Thanks to the use of JavaScript, the length of the code is reduced, guaranteeing high writing speed. In addition, ready-to-use code snippets appear on the Node.js platform. It is an easily scalable framework and ideal for the development of micro-architectures for server-side applications.
Spring Boot
Spring Boot is a Java-based framework for building server-side applications, which aims to simplify the workings of microservices. The creators claim that it can be used for traditional WAR applications as well as standalone Java applications.
This framework is developed so that programming does not involve time-consuming setup and configuration of the environment. It is able to provide flexible XML configurations, batch processing, database transactions, simple workflows and development tools. Spring Boot works by providing defaults for code, which helps to launch new Spring projects in real time.
Among the benefits of Spring is that it makes it easy to build and test Java-based applications, with default settings for unit testing and integration testing. It also helps configure the components for the Spring-based application, reduces development time and increases the efficiency of the development process.
The platform has built-in databases and in-memory databases, providing a large number of plug-ins. It thus offers easy access to a command line interface. Spring Boot is an extension of Spring, which makes development, testing and deployment more convenient. MIT, Platform, Zillow, TransferWise and Intuit are among the companies actively using this framework.
Other frameworks to be highlighted in 2022
CakePHP is an open source framework for PHP platforms that is characterised by its organisational capabilities, as it has a defined set of elements and is very effective. It contains several libraries to perform a standard set of tasks.
This framework is ideal for rapid prototyping and has Model-View-Control to help distinguish the presentation of data, reducing the time and resources spent on creating an application or website. It is defined as an easy-to-manage framework with easily controlled databases.
Another backend framework that will remain prominent in 2022 will be ASP.NET Core, where web applications are very simple to develop. It has a large set of tools and libraries to ensure high application quality.
ASP.NET has extremely high performance and a very simple interface that helps to set up websites and authentication processes. The creation of applications is fast because Windows servers are used for code processing. The framework is multifunctional and flexible.
Conclusions
All of the above frameworks are likely to stand out in the coming year, as they have excellent features. This review aims to highlight the most popular and promising frameworks for developers to focus on. New, simpler and more efficient forms of development are emerging every day. Therefore, the recycling of the professional is essential to keep up with the trends of backend frameworks.
Among these, Django and ASP.NET are frameworks specially designed for server-side rendering, while Sping is used for client-side rendering, although it is also used for backend. These are just some of the frameworks that will continue to stand out in 2022 alongside other well-known frameworks such as React, Vue and Angular.
